EVALUASI IMPLEMENTASI STRATEGI DIRECTLY OBSERVED TREATMENT SHORTCOURSE (DOTS) DALAM PROGRAM PENANGGULANGAN TUBERKULOSIS DI PUSKESMAS
Keywords:
Tuberkulosis, DOTS, puskesmas, kepatuhan pasien, pengawasan obatAbstract
Tuberkulosis (TB) masih menjadi tantangan kesehatan masyarakat yang signifikan di Indonesia, termasuk di Kota Medan. Strategi Directly Observed Treatment Short-course (DOTS) telah menjadi pendekatan utama dalam penanggulangan TB. Namun, efektivitas implementasinya di tingkat pelayanan primer, khususnya puskesmas, masih menghadapi berbagai hambatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pelaksanaan strategi DOTS dalam program pengendalian TB di Puskesmas Medan Area Selatan Kota Medan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain deskriptif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan pada Oktober hingga Desember 2023 melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan telaah dokumen. Informan terdiri atas tujuh orang, yaitu Wasor TB, kepala puskesmas, dua petugas TB, dua pasien TB, dan satu Pengawas Menelan Obat (PMO). Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis tematik dengan triangulasi sumber dan metode. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan strategi DOTS telah mengikuti pedoman nasional, namun terdapat kendala pada aspek kepatuhan pasien, keterbatasan sarana diagnostik, distribusi obat, serta sistem pelaporan digital SITB yang belum optimal. Peran PMO dan dukungan keluarga sangat berpengaruh terhadap keberhasilan pengobatan. Implementasi strategi DOTS di Puskesmas Medan Area Selatan perlu diperkuat melalui pelatihan petugas, perbaikan infrastruktur pelaporan digital, dan peningkatan peran serta keluarga dan masyarakat dalam mendukung pengobatan TB.
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Copyright (c) 2023 Riski Agussalim Siregar, Apriliani Apriliani, Sarah Fadhila Siregar (Author)
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